FhSim  3.1.0
Marine systems simulation
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Validation: Zhan 2006 cylinder (S2, W9, S6)

Table of Contents

Zhan et al. (2006): three nylon nets as a rigid cylinder (S2, Table 7), with the wake the cylinder casts (W9) and the solver continuity across a wake rebuild on the same cylinder (S6). The same nets as planar panels (L8, the load law alone) are on the page Validation: Zhan 2006 planar nets (L8) of fhsim_environment's Panel load laws: validation report (its doc/user/validation/); the towed-panel checks through the SimObject are on Validation: towed panel through the SimObject (S1).

Generated 2026-10-22 from commit 54caab2 2026-10-22 (with uncommitted changes under src/ or tests/); tests run 2026-10-22T08:19:44.257 (main entry) and 2026-10-22T08:34:15.500 (VALIDATION entry).

Tests

Status from the gtest XML of the last run. A DISABLED_ test fails against the current laws; its numbers are in the tables below, and it stays disabled until the owner decides the issue.

Test Source Status Issues Owner question
NetValidation_ZhanCylinder_VALIDATION.S2_AbsoluteDragAtK1 NetValidation_ZhanCylinder_Test.cpp:683 passed – –
NetValidation_ZhanCylinder_VALIDATION.S2_TheWakeLowersTheDrag NetValidation_ZhanCylinder_Test.cpp:675 passed – –
NetValidation_ZhanCylinder_VALIDATION.S6_EngineRungeKuttaStepsDoNotCollapseAtARebuild NetValidation_ZhanCylinder_Test.cpp:718 passed – –
NetValidation_ZhanCylinder_VALIDATION.S6_SundialsBdfDefaultLinearSolverStepsDoNotCollapseAtARebuild NetValidation_ZhanCylinder_Test.cpp:737 passed – –
NetValidation_ZhanCylinder_VALIDATION.S6_SundialsBdfStepsDoNotCollapseAtARebuild NetValidation_ZhanCylinder_Test.cpp:727 passed – –
NetValidation_ZhanCylinder_VALIDATION.W9_CasterPanelDragMatchesTheSimObject NetValidation_ZhanCylinder_Test.cpp:693 passed – –
NetValidation_ZhanCylinder_VALIDATION.W9_RearHalfFlowRatioInTheBand_s0215 NetValidation_ZhanCylinder_Test.cpp:711 passed – –
NetValidation_ZhanCylinder_VALIDATION.W9_RearHalfFlowRatioInTheBand_s0223 NetValidation_ZhanCylinder_Test.cpp:704 passed – –
NetValidation_ZhanCylinder_VALIDATION.WritesReport NetValidation_ZhanCylinder_Test.cpp:744 passed – –

Removed tests

Removed in the 2026-10-22 test audit (owner ruling 2026-10-22): DISABLED_ tests that failed against the current laws and had no open issue. Their facts are kept here; git log -S on the test's name recovers the code.

  • S2 drag ratio with and without the wake against Rc/Rc_planar, tolerance 10 %. Failed: the model's wake lowers the cylinder drag by 7-15 %, Zhan's measurement is 18-35 % below their planar-derived prediction. Red run (K 1, k 0.05, v >= 0.5 m/s), model on/off: s 0.223 0.864/0.731 (+18.2 %), 0.868/0.722 (+20.2 %), 0.866/0.706 (+22.7 %); s 0.128 0.915/0.765 (+19.5 %), 0.922/0.820 (+12.4 %), 0.926/0.810 (+14.2 %); s 0.215 0.849/0.691 (+22.9 %), 0.862/0.659 (+30.8 %), 0.869/0.653 (+33.1 %) at 0.5/0.75/1.0 m/s. The deficit behind a panel is the pinned kernel's d_near = 1 - sqrt(1 - C_T) (MENV-0007, Q8): the mean flow ratio over the rear half is 0.85-0.93 (W9) where Zhan infer 0.69. The wake-off drag (41-75 N at 1 m/s) is also below Zhan's planar-derived 52-101 N: the side panels carry only twine friction under the screen laws (MARE-0111, Q13) and the default law's angle form differs (MARE-0131, Q11). Not tuned (R14, R20).
  • W9 rear-half flow ratio for the net s 0.128, band up to 0.92. Failed at the upper edge: mean flow ratio over the rear half at caster level (MARE-0132) 0.9079, 0.9159, 0.9222, 0.9265 at 0.25-1.0 m/s against 0.92 (KF2012 Eq. 15), so 0.75 and 1.0 m/s are 0.002 and 0.007 above it (before phase F, flow probes: 0.909, 0.917, 0.923, 0.928). The pinned kernel's near-wake deficit is the quantity (MENV-0007, Q8); band and kernel not changed (R14). W9 for s 0.223 and 0.215 is asserted and passes.

NetValidation ZhanCylinder report

tests/out/NetValidation_ZhanCylinder_report.txt, as the test wrote it.

NetValidation ZhanCylinder report (plan S2, W9, S6; MARE-0101). Rigid Net/NetStructure cylinder in current, default law, SolidityModel Fixed.

Conventions: error = model/measured - 1 (in %) for loads and coefficients, model - measured for ratios and localCd; ratio = measured/model; margin = tolerance - |error| (negative = fails).

Cylinder D 0.414 x H 0.700 m, 24 x 4 wall sections, 192 panels; Sn = K s; tow k = 1e+06 N/m; end 0.05 s; wake: Grid, Off (one build at t = 0), WakeLength 1 m. Asserted rows v >= 0.50 m/s.

S2 wake effect: drag without the wake (measured column) and with it (model), K 1, k 0.05

12 rows, no tolerance.

Model minus measurement per case with the tolerance band S2 wake effect: drag without the wake (measured column) and with it (model), K 1, k 0.05 S2 wake effect: drag without the wake (measured column) and with it (model), K 1, k 0.05 -15 -10 -5 0 model / measured − 1 [%]; shaded: tolerance s 0.223 v 0.25 drag off -> on [N] S2 wake effect: drag without the wake (measured column) and with it (model), K 1, k 0.05: s 0.223 v 0.25 drag off -> on [N]: measured 5.763, model 4.836, error -16.084 % s 0.223 v 0.50 drag off -> on [N] S2 wake effect: drag without the wake (measured column) and with it (model), K 1, k 0.05: s 0.223 v 0.50 drag off -> on [N]: measured 20.11, model 17.29, error -14.017 % s 0.223 v 0.75 drag off -> on [N] S2 wake effect: drag without the wake (measured column) and with it (model), K 1, k 0.05: s 0.223 v 0.75 drag off -> on [N]: measured 42.47, model 36.68, error -13.633 % s 0.223 v 1.00 drag off -> on [N] S2 wake effect: drag without the wake (measured column) and with it (model), K 1, k 0.05: s 0.223 v 1.00 drag off -> on [N]: measured 73.94, model 63.71, error -13.847 % s 0.128 v 0.25 drag off -> on [N] S2 wake effect: drag without the wake (measured column) and with it (model), K 1, k 0.05: s 0.128 v 0.25 drag off -> on [N]: measured 3.33, model 2.995, error -10.044 % s 0.128 v 0.50 drag off -> on [N] S2 wake effect: drag without the wake (measured column) and with it (model), K 1, k 0.05: s 0.128 v 0.50 drag off -> on [N]: measured 12.14, model 11.07, error -8.800 % s 0.128 v 0.75 drag off -> on [N] S2 wake effect: drag without the wake (measured column) and with it (model), K 1, k 0.05: s 0.128 v 0.75 drag off -> on [N]: measured 25.21, model 23.18, error -8.056 % s 0.128 v 1.00 drag off -> on [N] S2 wake effect: drag without the wake (measured column) and with it (model), K 1, k 0.05: s 0.128 v 1.00 drag off -> on [N]: measured 42.34, model 39.09, error -7.692 % s 0.215 v 0.25 drag off -> on [N] S2 wake effect: drag without the wake (measured column) and with it (model), K 1, k 0.05: s 0.215 v 0.25 drag off -> on [N]: measured 6.053, model 4.992, error -17.525 % s 0.215 v 0.50 drag off -> on [N] S2 wake effect: drag without the wake (measured column) and with it (model), K 1, k 0.05: s 0.215 v 0.50 drag off -> on [N]: measured 22.22, model 18.75, error -15.597 % s 0.215 v 0.75 drag off -> on [N] S2 wake effect: drag without the wake (measured column) and with it (model), K 1, k 0.05: s 0.215 v 0.75 drag off -> on [N]: measured 46.24, model 39.64, error -14.271 % s 0.215 v 1.00 drag off -> on [N] S2 wake effect: drag without the wake (measured column) and with it (model), K 1, k 0.05: s 0.215 v 1.00 drag off -> on [N]: measured 77.57, model 67.06, error -13.546 %

Case Measured Model Error Tolerance Margin Result
s 0.223 v 0.25 drag off -> on [N] 5.763 4.836 -16.084 % – – reported
s 0.223 v 0.50 drag off -> on [N] 20.11 17.29 -14.017 % – – reported
s 0.223 v 0.75 drag off -> on [N] 42.47 36.68 -13.633 % – – reported
s 0.223 v 1.00 drag off -> on [N] 73.94 63.71 -13.847 % – – reported
s 0.128 v 0.25 drag off -> on [N] 3.33 2.995 -10.044 % – – reported
s 0.128 v 0.50 drag off -> on [N] 12.14 11.07 -8.800 % – – reported
s 0.128 v 0.75 drag off -> on [N] 25.21 23.18 -8.056 % – – reported
s 0.128 v 1.00 drag off -> on [N] 42.34 39.09 -7.692 % – – reported
s 0.215 v 0.25 drag off -> on [N] 6.053 4.992 -17.525 % – – reported
s 0.215 v 0.50 drag off -> on [N] 22.22 18.75 -15.597 % – – reported
s 0.215 v 0.75 drag off -> on [N] 46.24 39.64 -14.271 % – – reported
s 0.215 v 1.00 drag off -> on [N] 77.57 67.06 -13.546 % – – reported

S2 drag ratio on/off against Zhan Table 7 / Fig. 8 planar-derived, K 1, k 0.05

12 rows, 11 of 12 outside the tolerance.

Model minus measurement per case with the tolerance band S2 drag ratio on/off against Zhan Table 7 / Fig. 8 planar-derived, K 1, k 0.05 S2 drag ratio on/off against Zhan Table 7 / Fig. 8 planar-derived, K 1, k 0.05 tolerance ±10 % -10 0 10 20 30 model / measured − 1 [%]; shaded: tolerance s 0.223 v 0.25 on/off vs Rc/Rc_planar S2 drag ratio on/off against Zhan Table 7 / Fig. 8 planar-derived, K 1, k 0.05: s 0.223 v 0.25 on/off vs Rc/Rc_planar: measured 0.8873, model 0.8392, error -5.431 %, tolerance ±10 % s 0.223 v 0.50 on/off vs Rc/Rc_planar S2 drag ratio on/off against Zhan Table 7 / Fig. 8 planar-derived, K 1, k 0.05: s 0.223 v 0.50 on/off vs Rc/Rc_planar: measured 0.7313, model 0.8598, error 17.580 %, tolerance ±10 % s 0.223 v 0.75 on/off vs Rc/Rc_planar S2 drag ratio on/off against Zhan Table 7 / Fig. 8 planar-derived, K 1, k 0.05: s 0.223 v 0.75 on/off vs Rc/Rc_planar: measured 0.722, model 0.8637, error 19.614 %, tolerance ±10 % s 0.223 v 1.00 on/off vs Rc/Rc_planar S2 drag ratio on/off against Zhan Table 7 / Fig. 8 planar-derived, K 1, k 0.05: s 0.223 v 1.00 on/off vs Rc/Rc_planar: measured 0.7055, model 0.8615, error 22.116 %, tolerance ±10 % s 0.128 v 0.25 on/off vs Rc/Rc_planar S2 drag ratio on/off against Zhan Table 7 / Fig. 8 planar-derived, K 1, k 0.05: s 0.128 v 0.25 on/off vs Rc/Rc_planar: measured 0.6858, model 0.8996, error 31.172 %, tolerance ±10 % s 0.128 v 0.50 on/off vs Rc/Rc_planar S2 drag ratio on/off against Zhan Table 7 / Fig. 8 planar-derived, K 1, k 0.05: s 0.128 v 0.50 on/off vs Rc/Rc_planar: measured 0.7652, model 0.912, error 19.180 %, tolerance ±10 % s 0.128 v 0.75 on/off vs Rc/Rc_planar S2 drag ratio on/off against Zhan Table 7 / Fig. 8 planar-derived, K 1, k 0.05: s 0.128 v 0.75 on/off vs Rc/Rc_planar: measured 0.8204, model 0.9194, error 12.070 %, tolerance ±10 % s 0.128 v 1.00 on/off vs Rc/Rc_planar S2 drag ratio on/off against Zhan Table 7 / Fig. 8 planar-derived, K 1, k 0.05: s 0.128 v 1.00 on/off vs Rc/Rc_planar: measured 0.8102, model 0.9231, error 13.933 %, tolerance ±10 % s 0.215 v 0.25 on/off vs Rc/Rc_planar S2 drag ratio on/off against Zhan Table 7 / Fig. 8 planar-derived, K 1, k 0.05: s 0.215 v 0.25 on/off vs Rc/Rc_planar: measured 0.7485, model 0.8247, error 10.191 %, tolerance ±10 % s 0.215 v 0.50 on/off vs Rc/Rc_planar S2 drag ratio on/off against Zhan Table 7 / Fig. 8 planar-derived, K 1, k 0.05: s 0.215 v 0.50 on/off vs Rc/Rc_planar: measured 0.6907, model 0.844, error 22.207 %, tolerance ±10 % s 0.215 v 0.75 on/off vs Rc/Rc_planar S2 drag ratio on/off against Zhan Table 7 / Fig. 8 planar-derived, K 1, k 0.05: s 0.215 v 0.75 on/off vs Rc/Rc_planar: measured 0.6587, model 0.8573, error 30.147 %, tolerance ±10 % s 0.215 v 1.00 on/off vs Rc/Rc_planar S2 drag ratio on/off against Zhan Table 7 / Fig. 8 planar-derived, K 1, k 0.05: s 0.215 v 1.00 on/off vs Rc/Rc_planar: measured 0.6529, model 0.8645, error 32.416 %, tolerance ±10 %

Case Measured Model Error Tolerance Margin Result
s 0.223 v 0.25 on/off vs Rc/Rc_planar 0.8873 0.8392 -5.431 % ±10.000 % 4.569 % within
s 0.223 v 0.50 on/off vs Rc/Rc_planar 0.7313 0.8598 17.580 % ±10.000 % -7.580 % outside
s 0.223 v 0.75 on/off vs Rc/Rc_planar 0.722 0.8637 19.614 % ±10.000 % -9.614 % outside
s 0.223 v 1.00 on/off vs Rc/Rc_planar 0.7055 0.8615 22.116 % ±10.000 % -12.116 % outside
s 0.128 v 0.25 on/off vs Rc/Rc_planar 0.6858 0.8996 31.172 % ±10.000 % -21.172 % outside
s 0.128 v 0.50 on/off vs Rc/Rc_planar 0.7652 0.912 19.180 % ±10.000 % -9.180 % outside
s 0.128 v 0.75 on/off vs Rc/Rc_planar 0.8204 0.9194 12.070 % ±10.000 % -2.070 % outside
s 0.128 v 1.00 on/off vs Rc/Rc_planar 0.8102 0.9231 13.933 % ±10.000 % -3.933 % outside
s 0.215 v 0.25 on/off vs Rc/Rc_planar 0.7485 0.8247 10.191 % ±10.000 % -0.191 % outside
s 0.215 v 0.50 on/off vs Rc/Rc_planar 0.6907 0.844 22.207 % ±10.000 % -12.207 % outside
s 0.215 v 0.75 on/off vs Rc/Rc_planar 0.6587 0.8573 30.147 % ±10.000 % -20.147 % outside
s 0.215 v 1.00 on/off vs Rc/Rc_planar 0.6529 0.8645 32.416 % ±10.000 % -22.416 % outside

S2 absolute drag with the wake against Table 7, K 1, k 0.05

12 rows, 1 of 12 outside the tolerance.

Model minus measurement per case with the tolerance band S2 absolute drag with the wake against Table 7, K 1, k 0.05 S2 absolute drag with the wake against Table 7, K 1, k 0.05 tolerance ±20 % -20 -10 0 10 20 model / measured − 1 [%]; shaded: tolerance s 0.223 v 0.25 Rc, wake on [N] S2 absolute drag with the wake against Table 7, K 1, k 0.05: s 0.223 v 0.25 Rc, wake on [N]: measured 6.38, model 4.836, error -24.199 %, tolerance ±20 % s 0.223 v 0.50 Rc, wake on [N] S2 absolute drag with the wake against Table 7, K 1, k 0.05: s 0.223 v 0.50 Rc, wake on [N]: measured 19.62, model 17.29, error -11.882 %, tolerance ±20 % s 0.223 v 0.75 Rc, wake on [N] S2 absolute drag with the wake against Table 7, K 1, k 0.05: s 0.223 v 0.75 Rc, wake on [N]: measured 41.59, model 36.68, error -11.807 %, tolerance ±20 % s 0.223 v 1.00 Rc, wake on [N] S2 absolute drag with the wake against Table 7, K 1, k 0.05: s 0.223 v 1.00 Rc, wake on [N]: measured 71.22, model 63.71, error -10.552 %, tolerance ±20 % s 0.128 v 0.25 Rc, wake on [N] S2 absolute drag with the wake against Table 7, K 1, k 0.05: s 0.128 v 0.25 Rc, wake on [N]: measured 2.75, model 2.995, error 8.916 %, tolerance ±20 % s 0.128 v 0.50 Rc, wake on [N] S2 absolute drag with the wake against Table 7, K 1, k 0.05: s 0.128 v 0.50 Rc, wake on [N]: measured 10.3, model 11.07, error 7.460 %, tolerance ±20 % s 0.128 v 0.75 Rc, wake on [N] S2 absolute drag with the wake against Table 7, K 1, k 0.05: s 0.128 v 0.75 Rc, wake on [N]: measured 24.03, model 23.18, error -3.537 %, tolerance ±20 % s 0.128 v 1.00 Rc, wake on [N] S2 absolute drag with the wake against Table 7, K 1, k 0.05: s 0.128 v 1.00 Rc, wake on [N]: measured 41.79, model 39.09, error -6.473 %, tolerance ±20 % s 0.215 v 0.25 Rc, wake on [N] S2 absolute drag with the wake against Table 7, K 1, k 0.05: s 0.215 v 0.25 Rc, wake on [N]: measured 4.91, model 4.992, error 1.680 %, tolerance ±20 % s 0.215 v 0.50 Rc, wake on [N] S2 absolute drag with the wake against Table 7, K 1, k 0.05: s 0.215 v 0.50 Rc, wake on [N]: measured 17.66, model 18.75, error 6.186 %, tolerance ±20 % s 0.215 v 0.75 Rc, wake on [N] S2 absolute drag with the wake against Table 7, K 1, k 0.05: s 0.215 v 0.75 Rc, wake on [N]: measured 36.69, model 39.64, error 8.041 %, tolerance ±20 % s 0.215 v 1.00 Rc, wake on [N] S2 absolute drag with the wake against Table 7, K 1, k 0.05: s 0.215 v 1.00 Rc, wake on [N]: measured 63.37, model 67.06, error 5.827 %, tolerance ±20 %

Case Measured Model Error Tolerance Margin Result
s 0.223 v 0.25 Rc, wake on [N] 6.38 4.836 -24.199 % ±20.000 % -4.199 % outside
s 0.223 v 0.50 Rc, wake on [N] 19.62 17.29 -11.882 % ±20.000 % 8.118 % within
s 0.223 v 0.75 Rc, wake on [N] 41.59 36.68 -11.807 % ±20.000 % 8.193 % within
s 0.223 v 1.00 Rc, wake on [N] 71.22 63.71 -10.552 % ±20.000 % 9.448 % within
s 0.128 v 0.25 Rc, wake on [N] 2.75 2.995 8.916 % ±20.000 % 11.084 % within
s 0.128 v 0.50 Rc, wake on [N] 10.3 11.07 7.460 % ±20.000 % 12.540 % within
s 0.128 v 0.75 Rc, wake on [N] 24.03 23.18 -3.537 % ±20.000 % 16.463 % within
s 0.128 v 1.00 Rc, wake on [N] 41.79 39.09 -6.473 % ±20.000 % 13.527 % within
s 0.215 v 0.25 Rc, wake on [N] 4.91 4.992 1.680 % ±20.000 % 18.320 % within
s 0.215 v 0.50 Rc, wake on [N] 17.66 18.75 6.186 % ±20.000 % 13.814 % within
s 0.215 v 0.75 Rc, wake on [N] 36.69 39.64 8.041 % ±20.000 % 11.959 % within
s 0.215 v 1.00 Rc, wake on [N] 63.37 67.06 5.827 % ±20.000 % 14.173 % within

S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported)

reported; 96 rows, no tolerance.

Model minus measurement per case with the tolerance band S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported) S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported) -20 0 20 40 model / measured − 1 [%]; shaded: tolerance K 1.00 s 0.223 v 0.25 wake off [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.223 v 0.25 wake off [N]: measured 6.38, model 5.763, error -9.670 % K 1.00 s 0.223 v 0.25 k 0.03 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.223 v 0.25 k 0.03 [N]: measured 6.38, model 4.807, error -24.649 % K 1.00 s 0.223 v 0.25 k 0.05 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.223 v 0.25 k 0.05 [N]: measured 6.38, model 4.836, error -24.199 % K 1.00 s 0.223 v 0.25 k 0.08 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.223 v 0.25 k 0.08 [N]: measured 6.38, model 4.903, error -23.158 % K 1.00 s 0.223 v 0.50 wake off [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.223 v 0.50 wake off [N]: measured 19.62, model 20.11, error 2.484 % K 1.00 s 0.223 v 0.50 k 0.03 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.223 v 0.50 k 0.03 [N]: measured 19.62, model 17.22, error -12.250 % K 1.00 s 0.223 v 0.50 k 0.05 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.223 v 0.50 k 0.05 [N]: measured 19.62, model 17.29, error -11.882 % K 1.00 s 0.223 v 0.50 k 0.08 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.223 v 0.50 k 0.08 [N]: measured 19.62, model 17.49, error -10.872 % K 1.00 s 0.223 v 0.75 wake off [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.223 v 0.75 wake off [N]: measured 41.59, model 42.47, error 2.114 % K 1.00 s 0.223 v 0.75 k 0.03 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.223 v 0.75 k 0.03 [N]: measured 41.59, model 36.55, error -12.127 % K 1.00 s 0.223 v 0.75 k 0.05 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.223 v 0.75 k 0.05 [N]: measured 41.59, model 36.68, error -11.807 % K 1.00 s 0.223 v 0.75 k 0.08 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.223 v 0.75 k 0.08 [N]: measured 41.59, model 37.08, error -10.846 % K 1.00 s 0.223 v 1.00 wake off [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.223 v 1.00 wake off [N]: measured 71.22, model 73.94, error 3.826 % K 1.00 s 0.223 v 1.00 k 0.03 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.223 v 1.00 k 0.03 [N]: measured 71.22, model 63.48, error -10.868 % K 1.00 s 0.223 v 1.00 k 0.05 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.223 v 1.00 k 0.05 [N]: measured 71.22, model 63.71, error -10.552 % K 1.00 s 0.223 v 1.00 k 0.08 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.223 v 1.00 k 0.08 [N]: measured 71.22, model 64.41, error -9.568 % K 1.00 s 0.128 v 0.25 wake off [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.128 v 0.25 wake off [N]: measured 2.75, model 3.33, error 21.077 % K 1.00 s 0.128 v 0.25 k 0.03 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.128 v 0.25 k 0.03 [N]: measured 2.75, model 2.994, error 8.884 % K 1.00 s 0.128 v 0.25 k 0.05 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.128 v 0.25 k 0.05 [N]: measured 2.75, model 2.995, error 8.916 % K 1.00 s 0.128 v 0.25 k 0.08 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.128 v 0.25 k 0.08 [N]: measured 2.75, model 3.018, error 9.763 % K 1.00 s 0.128 v 0.50 wake off [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.128 v 0.50 wake off [N]: measured 10.3, model 12.14, error 17.829 % K 1.00 s 0.128 v 0.50 k 0.03 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.128 v 0.50 k 0.03 [N]: measured 10.3, model 11.06, error 7.416 % K 1.00 s 0.128 v 0.50 k 0.05 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.128 v 0.50 k 0.05 [N]: measured 10.3, model 11.07, error 7.460 % K 1.00 s 0.128 v 0.50 k 0.08 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.128 v 0.50 k 0.08 [N]: measured 10.3, model 11.14, error 8.181 % K 1.00 s 0.128 v 0.75 wake off [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.128 v 0.75 wake off [N]: measured 24.03, model 25.21, error 4.914 % K 1.00 s 0.128 v 0.75 k 0.03 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.128 v 0.75 k 0.03 [N]: measured 24.03, model 23.17, error -3.587 % K 1.00 s 0.128 v 0.75 k 0.05 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.128 v 0.75 k 0.05 [N]: measured 24.03, model 23.18, error -3.537 % K 1.00 s 0.128 v 0.75 k 0.08 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.128 v 0.75 k 0.08 [N]: measured 24.03, model 23.32, error -2.951 % K 1.00 s 0.128 v 1.00 wake off [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.128 v 1.00 wake off [N]: measured 41.79, model 42.34, error 1.321 % K 1.00 s 0.128 v 1.00 k 0.03 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.128 v 1.00 k 0.03 [N]: measured 41.79, model 39.06, error -6.528 % K 1.00 s 0.128 v 1.00 k 0.05 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.128 v 1.00 k 0.05 [N]: measured 41.79, model 39.09, error -6.473 % K 1.00 s 0.128 v 1.00 k 0.08 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.128 v 1.00 k 0.08 [N]: measured 41.79, model 39.31, error -5.934 % K 1.00 s 0.215 v 0.25 wake off [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.215 v 0.25 wake off [N]: measured 4.91, model 6.053, error 23.285 % K 1.00 s 0.215 v 0.25 k 0.03 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.215 v 0.25 k 0.03 [N]: measured 4.91, model 4.959, error 0.988 % K 1.00 s 0.215 v 0.25 k 0.05 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.215 v 0.25 k 0.05 [N]: measured 4.91, model 4.992, error 1.680 % K 1.00 s 0.215 v 0.25 k 0.08 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.215 v 0.25 k 0.08 [N]: measured 4.91, model 5.068, error 3.216 % K 1.00 s 0.215 v 0.50 wake off [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.215 v 0.50 wake off [N]: measured 17.66, model 22.22, error 25.809 % K 1.00 s 0.215 v 0.50 k 0.03 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.215 v 0.50 k 0.03 [N]: measured 17.66, model 18.65, error 5.603 % K 1.00 s 0.215 v 0.50 k 0.05 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.215 v 0.50 k 0.05 [N]: measured 17.66, model 18.75, error 6.186 % K 1.00 s 0.215 v 0.50 k 0.08 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.215 v 0.50 k 0.08 [N]: measured 17.66, model 19, error 7.588 % K 1.00 s 0.215 v 0.75 wake off [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.215 v 0.75 wake off [N]: measured 36.69, model 46.24, error 26.027 % K 1.00 s 0.215 v 0.75 k 0.03 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.215 v 0.75 k 0.03 [N]: measured 36.69, model 39.46, error 7.559 % K 1.00 s 0.215 v 0.75 k 0.05 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.215 v 0.75 k 0.05 [N]: measured 36.69, model 39.64, error 8.041 % K 1.00 s 0.215 v 0.75 k 0.08 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.215 v 0.75 k 0.08 [N]: measured 36.69, model 40.11, error 9.317 % K 1.00 s 0.215 v 1.00 wake off [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.215 v 1.00 wake off [N]: measured 63.37, model 77.57, error 22.409 % K 1.00 s 0.215 v 1.00 k 0.03 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.215 v 1.00 k 0.03 [N]: measured 63.37, model 66.81, error 5.421 % K 1.00 s 0.215 v 1.00 k 0.05 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.215 v 1.00 k 0.05 [N]: measured 63.37, model 67.06, error 5.827 % K 1.00 s 0.215 v 1.00 k 0.08 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.00 s 0.215 v 1.00 k 0.08 [N]: measured 63.37, model 67.8, error 6.991 % K 1.16 s 0.223 v 0.25 wake off [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.223 v 0.25 wake off [N]: measured 6.38, model 6.889, error 7.977 % K 1.16 s 0.223 v 0.25 k 0.03 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.223 v 0.25 k 0.03 [N]: measured 6.38, model 5.544, error -13.106 % K 1.16 s 0.223 v 0.25 k 0.05 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.223 v 0.25 k 0.05 [N]: measured 6.38, model 5.593, error -12.337 % K 1.16 s 0.223 v 0.25 k 0.08 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.223 v 0.25 k 0.08 [N]: measured 6.38, model 5.687, error -10.864 % K 1.16 s 0.223 v 0.50 wake off [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.223 v 0.50 wake off [N]: measured 19.62, model 24.03, error 22.458 % K 1.16 s 0.223 v 0.50 k 0.03 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.223 v 0.50 k 0.03 [N]: measured 19.62, model 19.94, error 1.654 % K 1.16 s 0.223 v 0.50 k 0.05 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.223 v 0.50 k 0.05 [N]: measured 19.62, model 20.07, error 2.300 % K 1.16 s 0.223 v 0.50 k 0.08 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.223 v 0.50 k 0.08 [N]: measured 19.62, model 20.35, error 3.733 % K 1.16 s 0.223 v 0.75 wake off [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.223 v 0.75 wake off [N]: measured 41.59, model 50.86, error 22.279 % K 1.16 s 0.223 v 0.75 k 0.03 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.223 v 0.75 k 0.03 [N]: measured 41.59, model 42.45, error 2.075 % K 1.16 s 0.223 v 0.75 k 0.05 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.223 v 0.75 k 0.05 [N]: measured 41.59, model 42.69, error 2.646 % K 1.16 s 0.223 v 0.75 k 0.08 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.223 v 0.75 k 0.08 [N]: measured 41.59, model 43.26, error 4.015 % K 1.16 s 0.223 v 1.00 wake off [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.223 v 1.00 wake off [N]: measured 71.22, model 88.75, error 24.615 % K 1.16 s 0.223 v 1.00 k 0.03 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.223 v 1.00 k 0.03 [N]: measured 71.22, model 73.85, error 3.694 % K 1.16 s 0.223 v 1.00 k 0.05 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.223 v 1.00 k 0.05 [N]: measured 71.22, model 74.26, error 4.264 % K 1.16 s 0.223 v 1.00 k 0.08 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.223 v 1.00 k 0.08 [N]: measured 71.22, model 75.26, error 5.668 % K 1.16 s 0.128 v 0.25 wake off [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.128 v 0.25 wake off [N]: measured 2.75, model 3.916, error 42.404 % K 1.16 s 0.128 v 0.25 k 0.03 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.128 v 0.25 k 0.03 [N]: measured 2.75, model 3.449, error 25.423 % K 1.16 s 0.128 v 0.25 k 0.05 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.128 v 0.25 k 0.05 [N]: measured 2.75, model 3.456, error 25.678 % K 1.16 s 0.128 v 0.25 k 0.08 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.128 v 0.25 k 0.08 [N]: measured 2.75, model 3.489, error 26.857 % K 1.16 s 0.128 v 0.50 wake off [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.128 v 0.50 wake off [N]: measured 10.3, model 14.25, error 38.386 % K 1.16 s 0.128 v 0.50 k 0.03 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.128 v 0.50 k 0.03 [N]: measured 10.3, model 12.77, error 23.943 % K 1.16 s 0.128 v 0.50 k 0.05 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.128 v 0.50 k 0.05 [N]: measured 10.3, model 12.79, error 24.155 % K 1.16 s 0.128 v 0.50 k 0.08 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.128 v 0.50 k 0.08 [N]: measured 10.3, model 12.89, error 25.155 % K 1.16 s 0.128 v 0.75 wake off [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.128 v 0.75 wake off [N]: measured 24.03, model 29.6, error 23.169 % K 1.16 s 0.128 v 0.75 k 0.03 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.128 v 0.75 k 0.03 [N]: measured 24.03, model 26.77, error 11.422 % K 1.16 s 0.128 v 0.75 k 0.05 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.128 v 0.75 k 0.05 [N]: measured 24.03, model 26.81, error 11.587 % K 1.16 s 0.128 v 0.75 k 0.08 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.128 v 0.75 k 0.08 [N]: measured 24.03, model 27.01, error 12.388 % K 1.16 s 0.128 v 1.00 wake off [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.128 v 1.00 wake off [N]: measured 41.79, model 49.72, error 18.973 % K 1.16 s 0.128 v 1.00 k 0.03 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.128 v 1.00 k 0.03 [N]: measured 41.79, model 45.19, error 8.143 % K 1.16 s 0.128 v 1.00 k 0.05 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.128 v 1.00 k 0.05 [N]: measured 41.79, model 45.25, error 8.291 % K 1.16 s 0.128 v 1.00 k 0.08 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.128 v 1.00 k 0.08 [N]: measured 41.79, model 45.56, error 9.022 % K 1.16 s 0.215 v 0.25 wake off [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.215 v 0.25 wake off [N]: measured 4.91, model 7.243, error 47.523 % K 1.16 s 0.215 v 0.25 k 0.03 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.215 v 0.25 k 0.03 [N]: measured 4.91, model 5.704, error 16.179 % K 1.16 s 0.215 v 0.25 k 0.05 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.215 v 0.25 k 0.05 [N]: measured 4.91, model 5.762, error 17.346 % K 1.16 s 0.215 v 0.25 k 0.08 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.215 v 0.25 k 0.08 [N]: measured 4.91, model 5.868, error 19.510 % K 1.16 s 0.215 v 0.50 wake off [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.215 v 0.50 wake off [N]: measured 17.66, model 26.51, error 50.136 % K 1.16 s 0.215 v 0.50 k 0.03 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.215 v 0.50 k 0.03 [N]: measured 17.66, model 21.5, error 21.770 % K 1.16 s 0.215 v 0.50 k 0.05 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.215 v 0.50 k 0.05 [N]: measured 17.66, model 21.68, error 22.765 % K 1.16 s 0.215 v 0.50 k 0.08 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.215 v 0.50 k 0.08 [N]: measured 17.66, model 22.03, error 24.747 % K 1.16 s 0.215 v 0.75 wake off [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.215 v 0.75 wake off [N]: measured 36.69, model 55.13, error 50.264 % K 1.16 s 0.215 v 0.75 k 0.03 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.215 v 0.75 k 0.03 [N]: measured 36.69, model 45.61, error 24.316 % K 1.16 s 0.215 v 0.75 k 0.05 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.215 v 0.75 k 0.05 [N]: measured 36.69, model 45.92, error 25.151 % K 1.16 s 0.215 v 0.75 k 0.08 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.215 v 0.75 k 0.08 [N]: measured 36.69, model 46.58, error 26.956 % K 1.16 s 0.215 v 1.00 wake off [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.215 v 1.00 wake off [N]: measured 63.37, model 92.51, error 45.986 % K 1.16 s 0.215 v 1.00 k 0.03 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.215 v 1.00 k 0.03 [N]: measured 63.37, model 77.36, error 22.075 % K 1.16 s 0.215 v 1.00 k 0.05 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.215 v 1.00 k 0.05 [N]: measured 63.37, model 77.81, error 22.788 % K 1.16 s 0.215 v 1.00 k 0.08 [N] S2 absolute drag against Table 7 at k in {0.03, 0.05, 0.08} and K in {1, 1.16} (reported): K 1.16 s 0.215 v 1.00 k 0.08 [N]: measured 63.37, model 78.85, error 24.435 %

Case Measured Model Error Tolerance Margin Result
K 1.00 s 0.223 v 0.25 wake off [N] 6.38 5.763 -9.670 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.223 v 0.25 k 0.03 [N] 6.38 4.807 -24.649 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.223 v 0.25 k 0.05 [N] 6.38 4.836 -24.199 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.223 v 0.25 k 0.08 [N] 6.38 4.903 -23.158 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.223 v 0.50 wake off [N] 19.62 20.11 2.484 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.223 v 0.50 k 0.03 [N] 19.62 17.22 -12.250 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.223 v 0.50 k 0.05 [N] 19.62 17.29 -11.882 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.223 v 0.50 k 0.08 [N] 19.62 17.49 -10.872 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.223 v 0.75 wake off [N] 41.59 42.47 2.114 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.223 v 0.75 k 0.03 [N] 41.59 36.55 -12.127 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.223 v 0.75 k 0.05 [N] 41.59 36.68 -11.807 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.223 v 0.75 k 0.08 [N] 41.59 37.08 -10.846 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.223 v 1.00 wake off [N] 71.22 73.94 3.826 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.223 v 1.00 k 0.03 [N] 71.22 63.48 -10.868 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.223 v 1.00 k 0.05 [N] 71.22 63.71 -10.552 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.223 v 1.00 k 0.08 [N] 71.22 64.41 -9.568 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.128 v 0.25 wake off [N] 2.75 3.33 21.077 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.128 v 0.25 k 0.03 [N] 2.75 2.994 8.884 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.128 v 0.25 k 0.05 [N] 2.75 2.995 8.916 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.128 v 0.25 k 0.08 [N] 2.75 3.018 9.763 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.128 v 0.50 wake off [N] 10.3 12.14 17.829 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.128 v 0.50 k 0.03 [N] 10.3 11.06 7.416 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.128 v 0.50 k 0.05 [N] 10.3 11.07 7.460 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.128 v 0.50 k 0.08 [N] 10.3 11.14 8.181 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.128 v 0.75 wake off [N] 24.03 25.21 4.914 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.128 v 0.75 k 0.03 [N] 24.03 23.17 -3.587 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.128 v 0.75 k 0.05 [N] 24.03 23.18 -3.537 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.128 v 0.75 k 0.08 [N] 24.03 23.32 -2.951 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.128 v 1.00 wake off [N] 41.79 42.34 1.321 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.128 v 1.00 k 0.03 [N] 41.79 39.06 -6.528 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.128 v 1.00 k 0.05 [N] 41.79 39.09 -6.473 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.128 v 1.00 k 0.08 [N] 41.79 39.31 -5.934 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.215 v 0.25 wake off [N] 4.91 6.053 23.285 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.215 v 0.25 k 0.03 [N] 4.91 4.959 0.988 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.215 v 0.25 k 0.05 [N] 4.91 4.992 1.680 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.215 v 0.25 k 0.08 [N] 4.91 5.068 3.216 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.215 v 0.50 wake off [N] 17.66 22.22 25.809 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.215 v 0.50 k 0.03 [N] 17.66 18.65 5.603 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.215 v 0.50 k 0.05 [N] 17.66 18.75 6.186 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.215 v 0.50 k 0.08 [N] 17.66 19 7.588 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.215 v 0.75 wake off [N] 36.69 46.24 26.027 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.215 v 0.75 k 0.03 [N] 36.69 39.46 7.559 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.215 v 0.75 k 0.05 [N] 36.69 39.64 8.041 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.215 v 0.75 k 0.08 [N] 36.69 40.11 9.317 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.215 v 1.00 wake off [N] 63.37 77.57 22.409 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.215 v 1.00 k 0.03 [N] 63.37 66.81 5.421 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.215 v 1.00 k 0.05 [N] 63.37 67.06 5.827 % – – reported
K 1.00 s 0.215 v 1.00 k 0.08 [N] 63.37 67.8 6.991 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.223 v 0.25 wake off [N] 6.38 6.889 7.977 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.223 v 0.25 k 0.03 [N] 6.38 5.544 -13.106 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.223 v 0.25 k 0.05 [N] 6.38 5.593 -12.337 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.223 v 0.25 k 0.08 [N] 6.38 5.687 -10.864 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.223 v 0.50 wake off [N] 19.62 24.03 22.458 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.223 v 0.50 k 0.03 [N] 19.62 19.94 1.654 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.223 v 0.50 k 0.05 [N] 19.62 20.07 2.300 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.223 v 0.50 k 0.08 [N] 19.62 20.35 3.733 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.223 v 0.75 wake off [N] 41.59 50.86 22.279 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.223 v 0.75 k 0.03 [N] 41.59 42.45 2.075 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.223 v 0.75 k 0.05 [N] 41.59 42.69 2.646 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.223 v 0.75 k 0.08 [N] 41.59 43.26 4.015 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.223 v 1.00 wake off [N] 71.22 88.75 24.615 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.223 v 1.00 k 0.03 [N] 71.22 73.85 3.694 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.223 v 1.00 k 0.05 [N] 71.22 74.26 4.264 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.223 v 1.00 k 0.08 [N] 71.22 75.26 5.668 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.128 v 0.25 wake off [N] 2.75 3.916 42.404 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.128 v 0.25 k 0.03 [N] 2.75 3.449 25.423 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.128 v 0.25 k 0.05 [N] 2.75 3.456 25.678 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.128 v 0.25 k 0.08 [N] 2.75 3.489 26.857 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.128 v 0.50 wake off [N] 10.3 14.25 38.386 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.128 v 0.50 k 0.03 [N] 10.3 12.77 23.943 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.128 v 0.50 k 0.05 [N] 10.3 12.79 24.155 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.128 v 0.50 k 0.08 [N] 10.3 12.89 25.155 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.128 v 0.75 wake off [N] 24.03 29.6 23.169 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.128 v 0.75 k 0.03 [N] 24.03 26.77 11.422 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.128 v 0.75 k 0.05 [N] 24.03 26.81 11.587 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.128 v 0.75 k 0.08 [N] 24.03 27.01 12.388 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.128 v 1.00 wake off [N] 41.79 49.72 18.973 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.128 v 1.00 k 0.03 [N] 41.79 45.19 8.143 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.128 v 1.00 k 0.05 [N] 41.79 45.25 8.291 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.128 v 1.00 k 0.08 [N] 41.79 45.56 9.022 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.215 v 0.25 wake off [N] 4.91 7.243 47.523 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.215 v 0.25 k 0.03 [N] 4.91 5.704 16.179 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.215 v 0.25 k 0.05 [N] 4.91 5.762 17.346 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.215 v 0.25 k 0.08 [N] 4.91 5.868 19.510 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.215 v 0.50 wake off [N] 17.66 26.51 50.136 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.215 v 0.50 k 0.03 [N] 17.66 21.5 21.770 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.215 v 0.50 k 0.05 [N] 17.66 21.68 22.765 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.215 v 0.50 k 0.08 [N] 17.66 22.03 24.747 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.215 v 0.75 wake off [N] 36.69 55.13 50.264 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.215 v 0.75 k 0.03 [N] 36.69 45.61 24.316 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.215 v 0.75 k 0.05 [N] 36.69 45.92 25.151 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.215 v 0.75 k 0.08 [N] 36.69 46.58 26.956 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.215 v 1.00 wake off [N] 63.37 92.51 45.986 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.215 v 1.00 k 0.03 [N] 63.37 77.36 22.075 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.215 v 1.00 k 0.05 [N] 63.37 77.81 22.788 % – – reported
K 1.16 s 0.215 v 1.00 k 0.08 [N] 63.37 78.85 24.435 % – – reported

W9 mean flow ratio over the rear-half panel centroids, caster level (private field); band [0.69, 0.92]

12 rows, 1 of 12 outside the tolerance.

Model minus measurement per case with the tolerance band W9 mean flow ratio over the rear-half panel centroids, caster level (private field); band [0.69, 0.92] W9 mean flow ratio over the rear-half panel centroids, caster level (private field); band [0.69, 0.92] tolerance ±0.115 -0.1 0 0.1 model − measured; shaded: tolerance s 0.223 v 0.25 mean u/U rear half (band centre) W9 mean flow ratio over the rear-half panel centroids, caster level (private field); band [0.69, 0.92]: s 0.223 v 0.25 mean u/U rear half (band centre): measured 0.805, model 0.8288, error 0.024, tolerance ±0.115 s 0.223 v 0.50 mean u/U rear half (band centre) W9 mean flow ratio over the rear-half panel centroids, caster level (private field); band [0.69, 0.92]: s 0.223 v 0.50 mean u/U rear half (band centre): measured 0.805, model 0.8501, error 0.045, tolerance ±0.115 s 0.223 v 0.75 mean u/U rear half (band centre) W9 mean flow ratio over the rear-half panel centroids, caster level (private field); band [0.69, 0.92]: s 0.223 v 0.75 mean u/U rear half (band centre): measured 0.805, model 0.8592, error 0.054, tolerance ±0.115 s 0.223 v 1.00 mean u/U rear half (band centre) W9 mean flow ratio over the rear-half panel centroids, caster level (private field); band [0.69, 0.92]: s 0.223 v 1.00 mean u/U rear half (band centre): measured 0.805, model 0.8622, error 0.057, tolerance ±0.115 s 0.128 v 0.25 mean u/U rear half (band centre) W9 mean flow ratio over the rear-half panel centroids, caster level (private field); band [0.69, 0.92]: s 0.128 v 0.25 mean u/U rear half (band centre): measured 0.805, model 0.9006, error 0.096, tolerance ±0.115 s 0.128 v 0.50 mean u/U rear half (band centre) W9 mean flow ratio over the rear-half panel centroids, caster level (private field); band [0.69, 0.92]: s 0.128 v 0.50 mean u/U rear half (band centre): measured 0.805, model 0.9092, error 0.104, tolerance ±0.115 s 0.128 v 0.75 mean u/U rear half (band centre) W9 mean flow ratio over the rear-half panel centroids, caster level (private field); band [0.69, 0.92]: s 0.128 v 0.75 mean u/U rear half (band centre): measured 0.805, model 0.916, error 0.111, tolerance ±0.115 s 0.128 v 1.00 mean u/U rear half (band centre) W9 mean flow ratio over the rear-half panel centroids, caster level (private field); band [0.69, 0.92]: s 0.128 v 1.00 mean u/U rear half (band centre): measured 0.805, model 0.9205, error 0.116, tolerance ±0.115 s 0.215 v 0.25 mean u/U rear half (band centre) W9 mean flow ratio over the rear-half panel centroids, caster level (private field); band [0.69, 0.92]: s 0.215 v 0.25 mean u/U rear half (band centre): measured 0.805, model 0.8207, error 0.016, tolerance ±0.115 s 0.215 v 0.50 mean u/U rear half (band centre) W9 mean flow ratio over the rear-half panel centroids, caster level (private field); band [0.69, 0.92]: s 0.215 v 0.50 mean u/U rear half (band centre): measured 0.805, model 0.8349, error 0.030, tolerance ±0.115 s 0.215 v 0.75 mean u/U rear half (band centre) W9 mean flow ratio over the rear-half panel centroids, caster level (private field); band [0.69, 0.92]: s 0.215 v 0.75 mean u/U rear half (band centre): measured 0.805, model 0.8469, error 0.042, tolerance ±0.115 s 0.215 v 1.00 mean u/U rear half (band centre) W9 mean flow ratio over the rear-half panel centroids, caster level (private field); band [0.69, 0.92]: s 0.215 v 1.00 mean u/U rear half (band centre): measured 0.805, model 0.8553, error 0.050, tolerance ±0.115

Case Measured Model Error Tolerance Margin Result
s 0.223 v 0.25 mean u/U rear half (band centre) 0.805 0.8288 0.024 ±0.115 0.091 within
s 0.223 v 0.50 mean u/U rear half (band centre) 0.805 0.8501 0.045 ±0.115 0.07 within
s 0.223 v 0.75 mean u/U rear half (band centre) 0.805 0.8592 0.054 ±0.115 0.061 within
s 0.223 v 1.00 mean u/U rear half (band centre) 0.805 0.8622 0.057 ±0.115 0.058 within
s 0.128 v 0.25 mean u/U rear half (band centre) 0.805 0.9006 0.096 ±0.115 0.019 within
s 0.128 v 0.50 mean u/U rear half (band centre) 0.805 0.9092 0.104 ±0.115 0.011 within
s 0.128 v 0.75 mean u/U rear half (band centre) 0.805 0.916 0.111 ±0.115 0.004 within
s 0.128 v 1.00 mean u/U rear half (band centre) 0.805 0.9205 0.116 ±0.115 -0.001 outside
s 0.215 v 0.25 mean u/U rear half (band centre) 0.805 0.8207 0.016 ±0.115 0.099 within
s 0.215 v 0.50 mean u/U rear half (band centre) 0.805 0.8349 0.03 ±0.115 0.085 within
s 0.215 v 0.75 mean u/U rear half (band centre) 0.805 0.8469 0.042 ±0.115 0.073 within
s 0.215 v 1.00 mean u/U rear half (band centre) 0.805 0.8553 0.05 ±0.115 0.065 within

S6 Freeze: build at 1 s, then the defaults (WakeIterInterval 5 s, blend 2 s); tow k = 10000 N/m; window 0.5 s before and 0.5 s + blend after.

RK45_i: 25904 steps, step 6.192e-05..9.230e-04 s, wall 9.54 s, drag at the end 63.7049 N
BDF: 395 steps, step 2.975e-11..1.000e-01 s, wall 0.98 s, drag at the end 63.7049 N
BDF_DefaultLinearSolver: 395 steps, step 2.975e-11..1.000e-01 s, wall 1.16 s, drag at the end 63.7049 N

S6 min step after a rebuild (model) against before (measured); ratio = before/after < 2 passes

6 rows, no tolerance.

Model minus measurement per case with the tolerance band S6 min step after a rebuild (model) against before (measured); ratio = before/after < 2 passes S6 min step after a rebuild (model) against before (measured); ratio = before/after < 2 passes -40 -30 -20 -10 0 model / measured − 1 [%]; shaded: tolerance RK45_i rebuild at t = 1.0001 s: min step before [s] S6 min step after a rebuild (model) against before (measured); ratio = before/after < 2 passes: RK45_i rebuild at t = 1.0001 s: min step before [s]: measured 0.0001741, model 0.000138, error -20.735 % RK45_i rebuild at t = 6.0001 s: min step before [s] S6 min step after a rebuild (model) against before (measured); ratio = before/after < 2 passes: RK45_i rebuild at t = 6.0001 s: min step before [s]: measured 0.000256, model 0.000157, error -38.672 % BDF rebuild at t = 1.0863 s: min step before [s] S6 min step after a rebuild (model) against before (measured); ratio = before/after < 2 passes: BDF rebuild at t = 1.0863 s: min step before [s]: measured 0.1, model 0.1, error -0.000 % BDF rebuild at t = 6.1863 s: min step before [s] S6 min step after a rebuild (model) against before (measured); ratio = before/after < 2 passes: BDF rebuild at t = 6.1863 s: min step before [s]: measured 0.1, model 0.1, error 0.000 % BDF_DefaultLinearSolver rebuild at t = 1.0863 s: min s… S6 min step after a rebuild (model) against before (measured); ratio = before/after < 2 passes: BDF_DefaultLinearSolver rebuild at t = 1.0863 s: min step before [s]: measured 0.1, model 0.1, error -0.000 % BDF_DefaultLinearSolver rebuild at t = 6.1863 s: min s… S6 min step after a rebuild (model) against before (measured); ratio = before/after < 2 passes: BDF_DefaultLinearSolver rebuild at t = 6.1863 s: min step before [s]: measured 0.1, model 0.1, error 0.000 %

Case Measured Model Error Tolerance Margin Result
RK45_i rebuild at t = 1.0001 s: min step before [s] 0.0001741 0.000138 -20.735 % – – reported
RK45_i rebuild at t = 6.0001 s: min step before [s] 0.000256 0.000157 -38.672 % – – reported
BDF rebuild at t = 1.0863 s: min step before [s] 0.1 0.1 -0.000 % – – reported
BDF rebuild at t = 6.1863 s: min step before [s] 0.1 0.1 0.000 % – – reported
BDF_DefaultLinearSolver rebuild at t = 1.0863 s: min step before [s] 0.1 0.1 -0.000 % – – reported
BDF_DefaultLinearSolver rebuild at t = 6.1863 s: min step before [s] 0.1 0.1 0.000 % – – reported

Data provenance

Every measured number in the tables above comes from these files (contract C6); the header of each gives the paper, the table or figure, how it was obtained and its uncertainty.

zhan2006_nets.csv

tests/data/zhan2006_nets.csv, 12 rows.

Field Value
source Zhan JM, Jia XP, Li YS, Sun MG, Guo GX, Hu YZ (2006), Aquacultural Engineering 35, 91-101 (Zhan 2006)
location §2 text (journal p. 93, PDF p. 3) for s, d, dl; Tables 4-6 (journal pp. 97-98, PDF pp. 7-8) for Cd, Re and the cylinder Cd
kind tabulated
uncertainty as published (values copied exactly)
units s [-], d_mm [mm], dl_mm [mm], v_m_s [m/s], cd_planar [-], re [-], cd_cylinder [-]
notes Nylon nets, all of square diamond pattern; Zhan do not say whether they are knotted. s = 2d/dl (Zhan §1), with no knot term: the tests use Sn = s at K = 1 (lead ruling R2); K = 1.16 is a reconciliation hypothesis, reported only.
notes cd_planar is the normal-incidence net Cd of Zhan Eq. 2 (R0 = Cd 0.5 rho v^2 L d, L approx. 2 * net area / dl); re = v d / nu; cd_cylinder is the single-circular-cylinder Cd at that Re quoted by Zhan.
notes Zhan state neither the water density nor nu. nu = v d / Re = 1.006e-6 to 1.010e-6 m2/s over the rows (mean 1.008e-6). rho = 1000 kg/m3 (fresh water) is an assumption of the plan, not a statement of the paper. Towing tank 204 m x 6 m x 3 m deep (§2); planar net 1.3 x 0.7 m, cylinder D 0.414 x H 0.7 m (Fig. 1).
s d_mm dl_mm v_m_s cd_planar re cd_cylinder
0.223 1.45 13 0.25 1.892 360 1.2
0.223 1.45 13 0.50 1.537 719 1.1
0.223 1.45 13 0.75 1.480 1079 1.0
0.223 1.45 13 1.00 1.463 1438 0.97
0.128 0.8 12.5 0.25 1.786 198 1.4
0.128 0.8 12.5 0.50 1.374 397 1.2
0.128 0.8 12.5 0.75 1.358 595 1.1
0.128 0.8 12.5 1.00 1.339 794 1.1
0.215 0.7 6.5 0.25 1.877 174 1.5
0.215 0.7 6.5 0.50 1.592 347 1.2
0.215 0.7 6.5 0.75 1.451 521 1.1
0.215 0.7 6.5 1.00 1.440 694 1.1

zhan2006_cylinder_table7.csv

tests/data/zhan2006_cylinder_table7.csv, 12 rows.

Field Value
source Zhan JM, Jia XP, Li YS, Sun MG, Guo GX, Hu YZ (2006), Aquacultural Engineering 35, 91-101 (Zhan 2006)
location Table 7, cylindrical net drag (journal p. 99, PDF p. 9)
kind tabulated
uncertainty as published (values copied exactly); balance error < 5 %, frame-interaction error < 3 % (Zhan §2)
units s [-], d_mm [mm], dl_mm [mm], v_m_s [m/s], rc_N [N]
notes Rigid vertical cylindrical net, diameter 0.414 m, height 0.7 m (Fig. 1b), in the same towing tank, frame drag subtracted; same three nets as the planar tests.
notes Zhan §5: their planar-net coefficients overpredict the cylinder drag; assuming the flow is reduced to 0.69 v behind the front half reproduces it (text-stated, journal p. 100). s = 2d/dl at K = 1 (lead ruling R2).
s d_mm dl_mm v_m_s rc_N
0.223 1.45 13 0.25 6.38
0.223 1.45 13 0.50 19.62
0.223 1.45 13 0.75 41.59
0.223 1.45 13 1.00 71.22
0.128 0.8 12.5 0.25 2.75
0.128 0.8 12.5 0.50 10.30
0.128 0.8 12.5 0.75 24.03
0.128 0.8 12.5 1.00 41.79
0.215 0.7 6.5 0.25 4.91
0.215 0.7 6.5 0.50 17.66
0.215 0.7 6.5 0.75 36.69
0.215 0.7 6.5 1.00 63.37

zhan2006_fig8_digitised.csv

tests/data/zhan2006_fig8_digitised.csv, 12 rows.

Field Value
source Zhan JM, Jia XP, Li YS, Sun MG, Guo GX, Hu YZ (2006), Aquacultural Engineering 35, 91-101 (Zhan 2006)
location Fig. 8, "predicted without energy loss" solid lines (journal p. 100, PDF p. 10); measured markers are Table 7 (tests/data/zhan2006_cylinder_table7.csv)
kind digitised
uncertainty +-0.5 N. Read from the 600 dpi raster of Fig. 8 (the only image on PDF page 10): axes calibrated on the tick marks (largest tick residual 2.3 px = 0.36 N), the solid line tracked column by column and fitted per speed interval as a straight segment (the plotted line is a polyline through the four speeds; largest fit residual 0.25 N), each speed read at the segment ends (the two segments meeting at 0.50 and 0.75 m/s agree to 0.08 N). The Table 7 markers read the same way land within 0.35 N of their tabulated values.
units s [-], v_m_s [m/s], rc_planar_N [N]
notes rc_planar_N is Zhan's planar-derived cylinder drag: their Eq. (27) evaluated with the Cd and Cf fitted to the planar nets (Eqs. 19-21), no energy loss inside the cylinder. Zhan: the prediction is always larger than the measured drag; a flow reduced to 0.69 v behind the front half reproduces it. This file is used by plan test S2 (NetValidation_ZhanCylinder_Test.cpp): the measured ratio rc_N / rc_planar_N is the target of the model's wake-on / wake-off drag ratio.
notes Eq. (27) as printed is not self-consistent: its middle line reduces to 1/2 rho v^2 d (8 r H / dl) times the integral, its last line (R0 8/(2 pi Cd) with L = 4 pi r H / dl) to twice that. The middle form, with Cd at the normal speed v cos(theta) and Cf at v sin(theta), gives 107-112 N for s = 0.223 at 1 m/s, 6-11 % above this line, so Zhan's exact evaluation is not reproducible from the text; the plotted line is used instead.
notes Same nets and rows as zhan2006_cylinder_table7.csv (s = 2d/dl, K = 1, lead ruling R2). Moved from tests/in/NetValidation/ to tests/data/ by the lead at the WP-D2 merge.
s v_m_s rc_planar_N
0.223 0.25 7.19
0.223 0.50 26.83
0.223 0.75 57.60
0.223 1.00 100.95
0.128 0.25 4.01
0.128 0.50 13.46
0.128 0.75 29.29
0.128 1.00 51.58
0.215 0.25 6.56
0.215 0.50 25.57
0.215 0.75 55.70
0.215 1.00 97.06